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Unidos da Tijuca Carnaval Samba School: Origins and History

In the culture of Carnival in Brazil, the samba schools play a vital role that been established as a central institution. In Rio de Janeiro, there are probably over 100 samba schools of different sizes. In this article we will describe the emergence of "Unidos da Tijuca samba school, the school of samba third oldest in Brazil. Unidos da Tijuca description allows better understand the design process of a typical samba school in Brazil, like other schools went through similar historical trajectories. As the Most of the founders of the samba schools, Unidos da Tijuca "parents" to protect the roots of traditional Brazilian folklore, and to fight for popular causes. Battles have always been present in the blood of their ancestors and soul, suffered and bled for cultural expression that loved and grew up: samba. Let's see how the story using the samba schools in the understanding of samba and Carnival of Culture in Brazil.

Origins

Since the twentieth century, the mountains Tijuca Mountain (later became a neighborhood) in Rio de Janeiro, began to be inhabited by slaves, the descendants of freed slaves and left the valley of the Paraíba coffee breaks (including Rio and São Paulo). The richest class lived in the power station Tijuca neighborhood was in full decline. Was during this time that the founding families of Tijuca – Moraes, Chagas disease, and Vasconcelos Santos – was installed in the complex of slums "Borel" in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

The guild was created from the merger of Carnival of four streets that existed in the "Casa Branca" slum areas, slums Formiga, and the island Velhacos. In 1931, December 31, at the beginning of the rise of São Miguel, Street house number 130 20, men and women gathered to found Unidos da Tijuca samba schools.

Records indicate the founders of the samba school to: Bento Vasconcelos (the leader), Chagas Leandro (organizer and discipline), Alcides de Moraes (director of Harmony) and his brothers and cousins with their families, the school integrated basic Jorge Vasconcelos Pacific Vasconcelos, João de Almeida, and Ismael de Moraes, among others.

First parades

Initially, the procession of schools samba surrounded by a rope, with carriers of the lamp which lit up the carnival parade. Resources for the parade were collected by family neighborhood, contribute financially to the signing of the former "golden book". At that time, Unidos da Tijuca samba school parade, one of six to eight sticks of the tree decorated with flowers, garlands and paper decorations. Up front, members of the parade of schools samba dressed like animals: frogs, donkeys and 1936, which achieved first time. Member rubbed, opening the way through the crowd. The "wing Bahia ", dressed in cotton and Cetin, marched along the side of brotherhood in a wing with a form of seduction, filling the spaces. Then came the mestre-sala (Samba host) and the slide-bandeira (flag) and training people need to support the school song, all of the school board and the drum section with drums, a Cuica tarol surdo one, a viola and a little guitar, all instruments of samba-ups.

In the 40 and 50 there was a disagreement and other groups have been created, as the former Estrela da Tijuca samba school and Recreio da Mocidade, and there are still Império da Tijuca, all composed of former members of Unidos da Tijuca. The school has experienced some crises and many difficulties and in 1959, has been demoted the second group, with a large cast.

restructuring of the school in the 70s, the Unidos da Tijuca leaders began to reverse this situation to find new people to recover the prestige of the school. With the guidance of former members and communication with the community clan greatly improved their performance in competitions. During this period, other artists have contributed to the emergence of the school. Among them, the celebrity producer Laila (Carnival Beija-Flor), joined Unidos da Tijuca. Paulo Cesar Cardoso has presented one of the most modern and nationalist themes and Renato Lage (two respected producers Brazilian Carnival), created a fantastic landscape, combining tradition and modernity, responsible for the appearance school for the first group in 1980 after living for 22 years in bitter Access Group, the Association of Rio Carnival.

However, during this decade, Unidos da Tijuca, went through another difficult period and participated in the alternative access for another group of 2 years, 85 and 87. The last time they were downgraded in 1998 when they launched a topic has paid tribute to the Portuguese traveler Basque da Gama. Since 2004, with the hiring of carnival producer Paulo Barros, Unidos da Tijuca surprises and conquered the public and the press, ensuring its place among the first sites each year, featuring magnificent and wonderful parades of Carnival. The rescue of self-esteem neighbors Tijuca took place, but had begun to believe more to their school, while his union has new fans, has been seen by all with respect and recognition he deserved.

Since 2006, the guild began to make a "technical test" against the old shed, Venezuela Avenida Rio de Janeiro, to evaluate the performance of the wing and rhythm. This initiative has greatly contributed to the results of parades. (Test technician is a term given to Carnival in Brazil a trial school samba that mimics the official parade during carnival.)

The symbols and colors: It is no coincidence that Unidos da Tijuca is the peacock as a symbol yellow and blue and gold as their colors. There are two stories that justify the adoption of this identification by the school.

It was said that at the time its foundation the school has adopted the first symbol and shield represented by the clasped hands in union with branches of coffee and tobacco snuff, in reference to the Tijuca neighborhood of old, their plantations. The golden yellow and peacock blue were adopted in the House of Bragança, the colors used in the imperial court and represent the sign of good taste in clothes. Both symbols and colors, as suggested Bento assigned Vasconcelos, one of the main founders Unidos da Tijuca.

Another theory records in 1931, in the bottom of the favela Borel, there was a cigarette big snuff, and Borel Snuff Co. factory. Figure striking golden yellow and peacock blue, was printed on the envelope some of their products. At the 31st December this year, near here, at the beginning of Calle San Miguel, local residents and nearby grounds Unidos da Tijuca, adoption a peacock as a symbol and colors of the logo of the company. However, to include the peacock as a symbol of Tijuca, in the first car fender is another story said: In 1983, between the months of August and September, during the 1984 conflict is the subject of carnival samba, the school prepares to open Group Parade, freeing the samba. The peacock and the school colors with eye-catching symbol of brotherhood in t-shirts with the theme of this year old "Salamaleikum a insubmissos Epopeia two men. "He also said that the samba composer Carlinhos Melodia suggested to then President Luis Carlos Cruz, a real turkey should be placed on the open wings of the school, because the other was catching birds and other animals, drawing public attention the symbol of the old school (holding hands surrounded by branches of coffee and snuff, with the letters UT, abbreviation Unidos da Tijuca) has brought a sense of suffering and resistance. From this point, taking into account the suggestion of the composer Unidos da Tijuca has replaced the previous symbol in 1984, first entered the avenue with a peacock as a symbol main.

Unidos da Tijuca, like most schools, has evolved into the structure and professionalism, achieving two second places over the past five years. The innovative school and became known as the first artists to present a choreography mounted on the fleet, setting up what is now known as "human sculptures" in the carnival parade. Financial and organizational improvement Unidos da Tijuca in was to continue training from schools of samba club in Rio's elite, including the legendary Mangueira, Beija Flor, Portela, and Mocidade samba schools. True to its multi-cultural context with Portuguese, Brazilian, and Indian influences, the samba school's traditional neighborhood of Tijuca, Rio de Janeiro is now known throughout Brazil, and, because of their famous models and celebrities such as samba and Adriane Galisteu Fabia Borges. Like most of the samba schools in Rio de Janeiro, Unidos da Tijuca, suffered a difficult phase of professionalism not only alive, but it has given strength to a new era. Today, the carnival in Brazil (and also the scene of the samba) no more space for fans, and most participants have achieved the greatest show on earth, could not continue with his magic new rules and challenges of the samba schools that have certainly contributed.

About the Author

Andre Skowronski is lover of the Brazilian music & managing partner of http://www.brazilcarnival.com.br. He created the 1st local site in English entirely devoted to Rio

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